Bataille d'Orthez - 27 février 1814 | |
|
Lettre
du général Picton au colonel Pleydel
Cazères,
4 mars 1814
Mon cher colonel Mon cher colonel My dear colonel You will
have seen in the papers that we broke up our winter quarters about the middle
of last month, and commenced our operations in the midst of a hard frost. Our
first movements were not of any great interest, and were merely calculated to
blind the enemy as to our real intentions. We had three considerable rivers to
pass, and the enemy on our first movement prepared to blow up all the bridges.
We succeeded, however, in effecting the passage of the Bedouse, the Petit Gave,
and the Gave d'Oleron, at points where they did not expect us; and, on the 26th
instant, the third division forded the Gave de Pau about four p.m., drove in
the enemy’s advanced posts, and took up a position within four miles of the
Duke of Dalmatia's army, which he had concentred in a strong mountainous
position in front of the town of Orthes, on the Gave de Pau. The light,
fourth, sixth, and seventh divisions passed during the night or early on the
following morning over a bridge of boats. His lordship having reconnoitred the
position early on the morning of the 27th, immediately made his dispositions
for the attack, which was to be made upon the centre and both flanks. The right
flank, which rested upon a village of difficult access, was to be attacked by
the four division, supported by the light and seventh; the centre by seven
battalions of the third division, and the left flank by the remaining three
battalions of the third division, supported by the sixth division in reserve. The fourth
division twice carried the village, and was compelled to fall back with great loss:
but, upon the arrival of the light and seventh divisions, the enemy was
compelled to give it up, with the loss of two pieces of artillery. This
afforded those divisions ground and opportunity to deploy and prosecute the
advantages they had gained. In the mean time the three battalions of the third
division, supported by the six division, turned the enemy’s left flank, drove
him from a very strong advanced position where he had a formidable battery, and
established themselves, notwithstanding a most of obstinate resistance on the
flank of his centre. His position was a kind of triangle, and the two extreme
points of the base line were hard pressed and unable to maintain their ground,
when seven battalions advanced against the centre and forced it also to fall
back. At the moment he began his retreat, which he protected with large solid
masses of infantry, successively taking up the most advantageous ground that
offered; and this was for some time made in great order and regularity, but, as
the evening approached, and we pressed rather hard upon their flanks, the
disorder gradually increased, and the different columns at length mixed and
dispersed, running off in all directions, as at Vittoria. It soon
became dark, and we were under the necessity of giving up the pursuit. We took,
I believe, eight pieces of cannon, and about fifteen hundred prisoners. But the
French army is greatly disorganized and much diminished by the desertion of the
conscripts and national guards, so that I do no think the will volunteer
meeting us again for some time. As usual,
you will see by the Gazettes that we had a fair part in this memorable business
and our loss, which amounts the eight hundred and twenty-five, including
fifty-three officers, exceeds that of any other of the divisions. My health has
been remarkably good, and I think it will last to see the end of this memorable
struggle. After we
had gained the enemy's advanced position of the left flank, we were for nearly
two hours exposed to the mist continued and severe cannonade I ever witnessed;
one of our non-pounders had every man killed by round-shot; and Captain of the
Engineers, who acted as my aide-de-camp on the occasion, was killed close to me
by a canon-shot, whilst carrying my orders. I hope this will find you free from
indisposition. My dear
Colonel Believe me
to be Most
sincerely and faithfully yours. TH. Picton
Note : (1) Le général Picton parle vraisemblablement ici de l'extremité gauche du centre de l'armée française et non de son flanc gauche organisé autour des troupes du général Harispe |